During sports activities, it can happen that you collide with someone, causing the kneecap to move to the wrong side of the joint. The kneecap then dislocates. A patella can dislocate to either side: to the inside (medially) or to the outside (laterally). In sports-related trauma, we often see the kneecap dislocate medially due to external forces on the body, such as an impact. However, the most common form is a lateral patella dislocation. This often occurs in girls during growth spurts and can happen spontaneously.
A patella dislocation can occur during sports when external forces act on the leg or kneecap. This typically happens during excessive rotation, jumping, or a direct hit to the kneecap. In young females going through a growth spurt, spontaneous dislocations may occur, and they can become recurrent. A knee brace can provide support in cases of patella dislocation.
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In a patellar luxation, the kneecap becomes dislocated and moves out of the groove of the thigh bone. This is also called a kneecap dislocation or patellar dislocation. It often happens suddenly during a twisting movement, jump, or incorrect landing. After a first dislocation, the kneecap can remain unstable, increasing the risk of recurrence. Symptoms may include pain at the front of the knee, swelling, and a feeling of insecurity during movement.
The kneecap (patella) normally moves smoothly in a groove at the front of the thigh bone. This structure helps distribute forces during bending and straightening and provides stability to the knee joint. When the kneecap dislocates, surrounding ligaments and structures can be damaged, which may lead to long-term instability.
A dislocated kneecap can result from a sudden twisting movement, a direct blow to the knee, or congenital instability of the kneecap. Muscle weakness or altered leg alignment can also increase the risk of patellar luxation. As a result, the kneecap can more easily shift outwards.
A patellar dislocation often occurs during sports that involve rapid changes of direction, such as football, handball, or skiing. When the lower leg rotates while the foot remains planted, the kneecap can dislocate. After an initial dislocation, the knee may remain more prone to repeated episodes of instability.
After a dislocation, the ligaments around the kneecap can become stretched or damaged. This can make it harder for the kneecap to stay in place during movement. Especially when climbing stairs, turning, or playing sports, this can lead to insecurity and fear of another dislocation. Targeted training and support can help improve stability.
If your kneecap dislocates, it is important to keep the knee as calm and unloaded as possible and to avoid further strain. In some cases, the kneecap returns to its position on its own, but this can be accompanied by pain and swelling. Cooling the knee and elevating the leg can help reduce the initial symptoms. After a first patellar luxation or with persistent pain, always contact a doctor or physiotherapist for proper assessment. After a patellar dislocation, wearing a stabilizing knee brace can provide support by guiding the kneecap and reducing the feeling of instability during movement.
A patellar luxation can recover through conservative or surgical treatment. With conservative treatment, the kneecap is repositioned in the joint and the knee may be immobilized with a cast or a (similar) Bauerfeind SecuTec brace. Rehabilitation then begins. The ligaments around the kneecap need time to heal and strengthen. Not all movements can be performed immediately. Especially during stair climbing, standing up, squatting, or cycling, there is a risk of another patellar luxation. It is advisable to use a knee brace that limits extension and flexion movements.
A knee brace can help keep the kneecap in the correct position and reduce the risk of a new dislocation. Targeted support around the patella improves control of kneecap movement, which can increase confidence during walking and sports. Particularly with an unstable kneecap or after a patellar dislocation, a stabilizing knee brace can contribute to safer and more comfortable movement.
Wearing a knee brace after a patellar luxation can help stabilize the knee joint and reduce strain on the kneecap. A good knee brace supports the knee without completely restricting freedom of movement.
What grades of patellar luxation are there? +
There are different grades of patellar luxation, depending on how far the kneecap has moved out of the groove and whether damage has occurred. In a mild luxation, the kneecap briefly dislocates and returns to its position on its own. In a more severe luxation, the kneecap remains out of place and medical assistance is needed. In some cases, repeated dislocations occur, which indicates an unstable kneecap.
How long does recovery take after a patellar luxation? +
Recovery time after a patellar luxation varies from person to person and depends on the severity of the dislocation and any additional damage. After a first luxation, recovery may take several weeks to months. With repeated dislocations or ligament damage, recovery can take longer. Proper guidance, exercise therapy, and possibly a knee brace can help support recovery and prevent new dislocations.
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